Academic Writing Task 1 · pie chart

Comparison of Water Consumption Patterns in San Diego, California and Worldwide: IELTS Writing Task 1 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 1 pie chart question with a Band 8 sample answer, the chart redrawn with its data, the vocabulary that lifts the report and how to write about pie charts.
  • 177 words
  • Pie charts
  • Academic
  • 20 minutes

The question

The pie charts below compare water usage in San Diego, California and the rest of the world.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

San Diego County
  • Residential: 60
  • Industry: 23
  • Agriculture: 17
View the data
CategoryValue
Residential60
Industry23
Agriculture17
California
  • Residential: 39
  • Industry: 33
  • Agriculture: 28
View the data
CategoryValue
Residential39
Industry33
Agriculture28
Worldwide
  • Residential: 8
  • Industry: 23
  • Agriculture: 69
View the data
CategoryValue
Residential8
Industry23
Agriculture69

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Model answer

Band 8 sample answer

Band 8177 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

The provided pie charts illustrate the distribution of water usage across three distinct sectors—residential, industry, and agriculture—comparing San Diego County, California, and the world.

Overall, it is evident that water consumption priorities vary significantly by region. Residential use is the primary consumer in San Diego and California, whereas agriculture is the most significant user globally.

In San Diego County, residential water usage accounts for a substantial 60% of the total, which is more than double the 23% attributed to industry and significantly higher than the 17% used for agriculture. A similar, though less pronounced, trend is observed in California, where residential consumption stands at 39%, followed by industry at 33% and agriculture at 28%.

In stark contrast, the global pattern is reversed. Agriculture is the dominant sector worldwide, consuming 69% of all water. Industry accounts for 23% of global usage, matching the industrial proportion seen in San Diego. Meanwhile, residential water usage is the smallest category globally, representing only 8% of the total, which is a fraction of the proportions recorded in both San Diego and California.

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Pie charts

How to write about pie charts: tips and vocabulary

  • →Name the largest and smallest shares in the overview.
  • →Use proportion language: a quarter, just under half, the majority.
  • →With two pies, compare the same slice across both.
  • distribution

    the way in which something is shared or spread

  • primary

    the most important or main part of something

  • pronounced

    very noticeable, obvious, or strongly marked

  • stark contrast

    a very clear and obvious difference between things

  • dominant

    more important, powerful, or noticeable than others

  • fraction

    a small or tiny part of a whole amount

Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?+

While residential water usage is the dominant sector in San Diego and California, agriculture accounts for the vast majority of water consumption on a global scale.

How many words and how long for IELTS Writing Task 1?+

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How is IELTS Writing Task 1 scored?+

On four criteria: task achievement, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. A clear overview of the main features is what most separates Band 6 from Band 7 and above.

How do I describe pie charts?+

Name the largest and smallest shares in the overview. Use proportion language: a quarter, just under half, the majority. With two pies, compare the same slice across both.

Keep practising

More pie charts

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