Academic Writing Task 1 · line graph

Trends in the number of shop closures and openings 2011-2018: IELTS Writing Task 1 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 1 line graph question with a Band 8 sample answer, the chart redrawn with its data, the vocabulary that lifts the report and how to write about line graphs.
  • 184 words
  • Line graphs
  • Academic
  • 20 minutes

The question

The graph below shows the number of shops that closed and the number of new shops that opened in one country between 2011 and 2018.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

Number of shop closures and openings 2011-2018 (number of shops)
02,0004,0006,0008,00010,00020112012201320142015201620172018
  • Closures
  • Openings
View the data
20112012201320142015201620172018
Closures6,4005,9007,2006,5006005,2005,0005,200
Openings8,5003,9005,0006,2004,0004,0004,2003,000

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Model answer

Band 8 sample answer

Band 8184 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

The line graph illustrates the fluctuations in the number of shop closures and new openings in a specific country between 2011 and 2018. Overall, the number of shop openings experienced a significant decline over the period, while closures fluctuated considerably, reaching a dramatic low in 2015.

In 2011, shop openings began at a peak of 8,500, significantly outnumbering the 6,400 closures. However, this trend reversed sharply in 2012, as openings plummeted to 3,900, while closures remained relatively stable at 5,900. Throughout 2013 and 2014, both figures showed upward movement, with closures peaking at 7,200 in 2013 and openings reaching 6,200 in 2014.

A notable divergence occurred in 2015, when the number of closures dropped precipitously to just 600, whereas openings stood at 4,000. Following this, closures recovered to 5,200 in 2016 and remained fairly consistent through 2018, ending at 5,200. Conversely, openings remained stagnant at 4,000 in 2016, saw a minor rise to 4,200 in 2017, and finally fell to a low of 3,000 by the end of the period. By 2018, the number of closures exceeded the number of new openings by 2,200.

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Line graphs

How to write about line graphs: tips and vocabulary

  • →Overview first: the overall direction of each line and which was highest.
  • →Group lines that move together instead of describing each one in turn.
  • →Give the start and end figures plus the peak or low point, not every value.
  • fluctuated

    changed frequently in size or amount over time

  • plummeted

    fell or dropped straight down at high speed

  • precipitously

    happening in a very sudden and dramatic way

  • divergence

    the process of becoming different from something else

  • stagnant

    showing no activity or current development at all

  • exceeded

    to be greater in number than something else

Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?+

Overall, the number of shop openings experienced a significant decline over the period, while closures fluctuated considerably, reaching a dramatic low in 2015.

How many words and how long for IELTS Writing Task 1?+

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How is IELTS Writing Task 1 scored?+

On four criteria: task achievement, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. A clear overview of the main features is what most separates Band 6 from Band 7 and above.

How do I describe line graphs?+

Overview first: the overall direction of each line and which was highest. Group lines that move together instead of describing each one in turn. Give the start and end figures plus the peak or low point, not every value.

Keep practising

More line graphs

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