Academic Writing Task 1 · bar chart

Weekly working hours in the industrial sector of four European countries: IELTS Writing Task 1 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 1 bar chart question with a Band 8 sample answer, the chart redrawn with its data, the vocabulary that lifts the report and how to write about bar charts.
  • 190 words
  • Bar charts
  • Academic
  • 20 minutes

The question

The charts below show the number of working hours per week, in the industrial sector, in four European countries in 2002.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

France (%)
010203040501-1415-2021-3031-3536-4041-4546-5050+
View the data
1-1415-2021-3031-3536-4041-4546-5050+
Percentage of workers1015125035102010
Denmark (%)
0204060801001-1415-2021-3031-3536-4041-4546-5050+
View the data
1-1415-2021-3031-3536-4041-4546-5050+
Percentage of workers1010102570121010
Sweden (%)
0204060801001-1415-2021-3031-3536-4041-4546-5050+
View the data
1-1415-2021-3031-3536-4041-4546-5050+
Percentage of workers1020203580301010
The UK (%)
010203040501-1415-2021-3031-3536-4041-4546-5050+
View the data
1-1415-2021-3031-3536-4041-4546-5050+
Percentage of workers8781050152022

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Model answer

Band 8 sample answer

Band 8190 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

The four bar charts illustrate the distribution of weekly working hours within the industrial sector across France, Denmark, Sweden, and the UK in 2002. Overall, it is evident that the majority of industrial workers in all four countries worked between 36 and 40 hours per week. However, the UK displayed a distinct pattern with a higher proportion of employees working longer hours compared to the other three nations.

In France, Denmark, and Sweden, the 36-40 hour category was clearly dominant. Sweden recorded the highest peak, with 80% of its workforce in this bracket, followed by Denmark at 70% and France at 50%. Conversely, the UK had 50% of its workers in this same category. While the other three countries saw a sharp decline in the percentage of workers in categories exceeding 40 hours, the UK maintained a more consistent distribution. Specifically, 15% of UK workers were in the 41-45 hour range, 20% in 46-50, and 22% worked over 50 hours.

In contrast, France, Denmark, and Sweden showed relatively low participation in the longest working hour brackets, with figures generally remaining at or below 20% for hours exceeding 40 per week.

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Bar charts

How to write about bar charts: tips and vocabulary

  • →Compare the biggest and smallest bars before anything else.
  • →If the bars show years, describe change; if they show places, describe rank.
  • →Round sensibly and say 'just over' or 'nearly' rather than guessing decimals.
  • illustrate

    to show or present information using visual aids

  • distribution

    the way in which something is spread out

  • dominant

    having the most influence or being most common

  • conversely

    used to introduce a statement that is opposite

  • exceeding

    being greater in number or size than something

  • participation

    the action of taking part in an activity

Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?+

Across all four nations, the 36-40 hour bracket was the most common, while the UK showed a more even distribution of longer working hours compared to the others.

How many words and how long for IELTS Writing Task 1?+

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How is IELTS Writing Task 1 scored?+

On four criteria: task achievement, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. A clear overview of the main features is what most separates Band 6 from Band 7 and above.

How do I describe bar charts?+

Compare the biggest and smallest bars before anything else. If the bars show years, describe change; if they show places, describe rank. Round sensibly and say 'just over' or 'nearly' rather than guessing decimals.

Keep practising

More bar charts

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